State Act

Portuguese Civil Code, 1867

Article 747 – Who should perform - The performance may be done by the debtor himself and by his representatives, or by any other person interested therein or not interested therein. But in the last case when made without consent of the debtor, the latter does not incur any liability towards the person who did the performance, except when the debtor is absent and he gets evident benefit by such payment, save for the provisions in Title –I of Book No. III. § Sole paragraph - The creditor however cannot, be compelled to take the performance from a third party where there is express provision to the contrary in the contract, or he is adversely affected by it.