State Act

Portuguese Civil Code, 1867

Article 860 – Rights of Pawnee - By virtue of the pledge, the creditor acquires the right: 1. Of being paid of his debt from the value of the pledge in preference to the other creditors of the debtor. 2. Of using all the preventive remedies to protect his possession, and to initiate criminal proceedings against whoever has stolen the pledged thing, even if it is the owner himself; 3. Of being indemnified of all the expenses necessary and useful which he might have made with the object pledged. 4. Of demanding from the debtor, another pledge, or the fulfillment of the obligation, even before the agreed period, if the object of the pledge is spoilt or its value is decreased, without any fault on his part, or the thing is demanded by third party, who is the owner of the thing and who has not consented to the pledge.